Ankylosed teeth, also referred to as “fused teeth”, are a permanent dental issue, which is caused when the cementum that attaches the tooth to the jawbone becomes hard and rigid, leading to the tooth being stuck in place. This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as trauma, periodontal disease or even genetics. Ankylosed teeth are more common in children, with the condition being more common in those aged 6-12. Ankylosed teeth can lead to a variety of issues, including pain, difficulty with eating, speech impediments, and self-esteem issues, as the teeth may be visible when the person smiles.
Causes of Ankylosed Tooth
The causes of ankylosed tooth can vary depending on the age of the patient and the underlying cause of the condition.
The most common cause of ankylosed tooth is trauma to the area. This can be as a result of an accident, such as a fall or a blow to the face, or a sporting injury. The trauma can cause damage to the periodontal ligament, the tissue that connects the tooth to the jawbone. When this tissue is damaged, it is no longer able to provide the necessary mobility for the tooth, resulting in ankylosis.
Another cause of ankylosed tooth is disease. This can be caused by periodontal disease, which is characterized by inflammation and infection of the gum tissue. The infection can cause the periodontal ligament to become weakened, resulting in ankylosis. In addition, some types of cancer can cause a weakened periodontal ligament, resulting in ankylosis.
There are also a number of other causes of ankylosed tooth that are considered to be more rare. These include birth defects, genetics, and excessive orthodontic treatment. Birth defects such as cleft palate can cause the periodontal ligament to become weakened, resulting in ankylosis. Similarly, certain genetic conditions can cause a weakened periodontal ligament, resulting in ankylosis. Finally, excessive orthodontic treatment can cause the teeth to become ankylosed due to the constant pressure that is applied to the teeth.
In addition to the causes mentioned above, there are also certain lifestyle factors that can increase the risk of ankylosed tooth. Tobacco use, especially smoking, can weaken the periodontal ligament, resulting in ankylosis. Poor oral hygiene is also a risk factor, as it can lead to a buildup of plaque, which can weaken the periodontal ligament. Finally, a poor diet can also increase the risk of ankylosed tooth, as a lack of essential nutrients can lead to weakened periodontal ligaments.
Symptoms of Ankylosed Tooth
The most common symptom of ankylosed tooth is pain that radiates from the affected area. The intensity of the pain can vary from mild to severe and can worsen with time. Pain may be constant, or it can come and go. In some cases, the pain may become more intense when eating or drinking certain foods.
In addition to pain, other symptoms of ankylosed tooth can include difficulty opening the jaw, difficulty eating, and tenderness in the affected area. Patients may also experience a feeling of fullness in their mouth or a sensation of pressure in the affected area. The affected tooth may also feel loose or unstable.
Patients should also be aware of the potential complications of ankylosed tooth. If left untreated, the condition can lead to a higher risk of periodontal disease and loss of teeth. There is also an increased risk of dental abscesses and other infections. In severe cases, there may be an increased risk of jaw fractures.
Diagnosis of Ankylosed Tooth
In order to diagnose ankylosed teeth, a dentist will examine the tooth and the surrounding areas. They may use x-rays to look for signs of ankylosis, such as an altered root canal architecture, or lack of mobility in the affected area. The dentist may also do a tactile examination, where they press against the tooth and check for abnormal motion or tenderness.
Once ankylosis is suspected, the dentist may recommend a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. The biopsy will include taking a small sample of the affected area and examining it under a microscope. This can help to determine the extent of the ankylosis and what treatment is needed.
Prevention and Treatment of Ankylosed Tooth
One of the most common approaches to the prevention and treatment of ankylosed teeth is to maintain good dental hygiene. Brushing and flossing your teeth regularly helps to keep your tooth enamel healthy, thereby reducing the risk of ankylosis. Additionally, avoiding sugary and acidic foods and drinks, as well as smoking and other harmful habits, can help to further minimize the risk of ankylosed teeth.
In addition to good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups are also an important part of the prevention and treatment of ankylosed teeth. During a dental check-up, your dentist will do a thorough examination of your teeth and gums to check for any signs of ankylosis. If it is determined that there is an issue with ankylosis, then the dentist can recommend the appropriate treatment option.
In many cases, the best treatment for ankylosed teeth is a dental prosthetic. This can include a partial denture, a bridge, or an implant. All of these options allow for the restoration of the tooth in question, allowing for improved function and aesthetics. The dentist will advise the patient on the best option for their situation.
In some cases, root canal therapy can also be used to treat ankylosed teeth. With this procedure, the dentist will remove the pulp, clean out the root canal, and then fill the canals to create a protective seal. This treatment can help to manage the symptoms of ankylosis and prevent further damage to the teeth.
In extreme cases, where the ankylosing of the teeth is so severe that the tooth cannot be saved or treated, then extraction may be the only option. This is usually only done if the tooth is causing pain or affecting the patient’s quality of life.
Regardless of the treatment option chosen, it is important to follow the dentist’s instructions for aftercare to ensure that the treatment is as successful as possible. This includes behaviors such as avoiding sticky foods and drinking plenty of water, brushing and flossing twice a day, and visiting your dentist for regular check-ups.
Ankylosed teeth are a serious condition, but with the proper prevention and treatment, it can be managed. Maintaining good dental hygiene, visiting the dentist regularly, and following their advice can help to minimize the risk of ankylosis and improve the quality of life.
Ankylosed teeth can be a difficult and embarrassing issue to deal with, but there are options available to address the issue. If you or a loved one have ankylosed teeth, it is important to speak with a qualified dental professional to understand the full range of treatment options available. With the right care, ankylosed teeth can be managed, and it is possible to enjoy a healthy and beautiful smile.